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6.5. Colours and Cursor Movement With tput

As with so many things in Unix, there is more than one way to achieve the same ends. A utility called tput can also be used to move the cursor around the screen, get back information about the status of the terminal, or set colours. man tput doesn't go into much detail about the available commands, but Emilio Lopes e-mailed me to point out that man terminfo will give you a huge list of capabilities, many of which are device independent, and therefore better than the escape sequences previously mentioned. He suggested that I rewrite all the examples using tput for this reason. He is correct that I should, but I've had some trouble controlling it and getting it to do everything I want it to. However, I did rewrite one prompt which you can see as an example: Section 12.8.

Here is a list of tput capabilities that I have found useful:

tput Colour Capabilities

tput setab [1-7]

Set a background colour using ANSI escape

tput setb [1-7]

Set a background colour

tput setaf [1-7]

Set a foreground colour using ANSI escape

tput setf [1-7]

Set a foreground colour

tput Text Mode Capabilities

tput bold

Set bold mode

tput dim

turn on half-bright mode

tput smul

begin underline mode

tput rmul

exit underline mode

tput rev

Turn on reverse mode

tput smso

Enter standout mode (bold on rxvt)

tput rmso

Exit standout mode

tput sgr0

Turn off all attributes (doesn't work quite as expected)

tput Cursor Movement Capabilities

tput cup Y X

Move cursor to screen location X,Y (top left is 0,0)

tput sc

Save the cursor position

tput rc

Restore the cursor position

tput lines

Output the number of lines of the terminal

tput cols

Output the number of columns of the terminal

tput cub N

Move N characters left

tput cuf N

Move N characters right

tput cub1

move left one space

tput cuf1

non-destructive space (move right one space)

tput ll

last line, first column (if no cup)

tput cuu1

up one line

tput Clear and Insert Capabilities

tput ech N

Erase N characters

tput clear

clear screen and home cursor

tput el1

Clear to beginning of line

tput el

clear to end of line

tput ed

clear to end of screen

tput ich N

insert N characters (moves rest of line forward!)

tput il N

insert N lines

This is by no means a complete list of what terminfo and tput allow, in fact it's only the beginning. man tput and man terminfo if you want to know more.

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