Random Access Memory (RAM)
Random Access Memory, that is used to store information temporarily for processing. This is the fastest type of memory for the computer. The data in RAM stays there only as long as the computer is running. Data in RAM is lost when power is removed. When the computer is turned on again, the operating system and other files are once again loaded into RAM, from the hard disk. RAM is used in computers that allows the stored data to be accessed (read/write) from other types of memory devices such as hard disk, floppy disk, and CD-ROM.
There are two basic types of RAM chips:
i) Static RAM (SRAM)
ii) Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
Static RAM:
SRAM is a type of memory that is faster and more reliable than the more common DRAM (dynamic RAM). The term static is derived from the fact that requires a constant supply of power to hold its content but doesn’t need to be refreshed like dynamic RAM. SRAM retains data even when power to it is turned off. Mostly this type OF RAM is used for cache memory. SRAM is faster but consumes more power and is less dense and more expensive than DRAM. SRAMs have the advantage of high speed.
Dynamic RAM:
Dynamic random access memory (DRAM) is the most common kind of random access memory (RAM) for personal computers and workstations. It is called Dynamic because it must be refreshed periodically. DRAM can hold data for only a short time. To retain data, DRAM must be refreshed. DRAM is generally cheaper than flash memory on a cost per bit basis. It consumes less power when compared to SRAM.